Ergothioneine
L-Ergothioneine
A diet-derived antioxidant amino acid that accumulates in cells via a dedicated transporter, studied as a possible longevity nutrient.
Overview
Ergothioneine is a naturally occurring sulfur-containing amino acid obtained from the diet, notably mushrooms, that the body actively concentrates in cells through a specific transporter. Its selective uptake and antioxidant properties have led researchers to propose it as a protective longevity nutrient, with lower blood levels linked to some age-related diseases. Human intervention evidence is early. It is not a peptide.
Mechanism of action
Concentrates in tissues via the OCTN1 transporter and scavenges reactive oxygen species, protecting mitochondria and DNA.
Key studies & citations
- Review2012
Ergothioneine; antioxidant potential, physiological function and role in disease
Reviews ergothioneine's selective accumulation via the OCTN1 transporter and its antioxidant and cytoprotective roles.
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Human2020
Ergothioneine is associated with reduced mortality and decreased risk of cardiovascular disease
3,236 adults followed 21 years: higher plasma ergothioneine independently predicted lower coronary disease, cardiovascular and overall mortality.
Heart
Frequently asked questions
Why is ergothioneine considered a longevity nutrient?
The body has a dedicated transporter to concentrate it, and lower levels track with some age-related diseases, suggesting a protective role, though human trials are early.